Who devised EAC Net Coin Grading? — Welcome to the CAC Educational Forum

Who devised EAC Net Coin Grading?

edited February 2022 in Copper Coins
As a student of coin grading and author/developer of the obsolete "true" technical grading system to identify a coin's actual condition (closely cloned now as "details" grading) rather than value them, I have been asking this question for years with no answer. I should think whomever came up with EAC Net Grading would be very proud to take the credit. Perhaps he/she is dead and no copper collectors know. I have found no mention at all of net grading in Penny Whimsy. This should be a very easy question to answer. Why the mystery?

mod edit: added tags 2/7/22 15:42
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  • No mystery. Early copper net grading, discounting the grade of a coin based on actual physical wear due to bad color, porosity, serious flan defects, evidence of corrosion or excavation, edge dents, etc
    is essentially an agreement among more advanced or long term copper collectors.
    It is not precise & what one collector considers more severe than another
    advanced collector will still vary but not by much - perhaps 5 points. So, like slab
    grading, net grading is still subjective and frankly that makes the hobby more interesting & challenging...and enables transactions more readily. What’s 1 person’s beauty is another person’s “eh”.
  • mellado said:

    No mystery. Early copper net grading, discounting the grade of a coin based on actual physical wear due to bad color, porosity, serious flan defects, evidence of corrosion or excavation, edge dents, etc
    is essentially an agreement among more advanced or long term copper collectors.
    It is not precise & what one collector considers more severe than another
    advanced collector will still vary but not by much - perhaps 5 points. So, like slab
    grading, net grading is still subjective and frankly that makes the hobby more interesting & challenging...and enables transactions more readily. What’s 1 person’s beauty is another person’s “eh”.

    Thanks for the fast reply. Unfortunately, you have not answered my question. Who (NAMES) is/are these advanced copper collectors who split away from the norm and devised a new, and unique way to grade/value copper called "NET GRADING." I don't believe those mystery "experts" are mentioned in the EAC Grading Guide either.

  • I did mention them There are no specific names but a community formal understanding, starting with DrWm H Sheldon who created the 1-70 grading
    schedule but did address qualifiers to condition. One current specialist who uses EAC net grading very proficiently is Mark Borckardt , longtime cataloguer for first Bowers various firms & now Heritage. About as skilled as anyone living, he mentions EAC net grade at the
    conclusion of any half or large cent his firm offers ar auction. And his net grading
    often is slightly liberal as he has to consider both the consignor & Heritage’s interest. It is often that Mark B. EAC net grades a copper as much as 20-25 points below the slab grade. Sad to say, the slabbing companies just do not yet know how to net grade an early copper w faults or even an Unc copper with “ rubbing”.
    For instance, a 1793 S-2 Chain cent ex - Herman Halpern & known / sold as an AU
    for many decades ( I examined it in hand raw a few yrs ago) was finally slabbed as a MS-64 and sold for $1.2M when it sold as an AU raw only 3 yrs ago for $500K.
  • I find the  The history of grading and collecting very interesting. 
  • Thanks, but EAC grading did not "just happen" former or present EAC members and copper dealers WITH NAMES had to devise it. Sheldon did not net grade except perhaps for color. I'll keep asking. Thanks again.
  • edited February 2022
    Last time I talked to Eduard Frossard he said Sylvester Crosby and David Proskey were too easy on rim problems and J.N.T Levick too harsh. There was no finalizer.

    Subsequent co-conspirators met in the parking garage of the Watergate Complex, but everyone wore masks excluding Diogenes, who wore a blindfold. ;)

    SOOL :'(
  • Dear Insider.

    I would think Denis Loring may have some insight for you.
  • As a rookie authenticator/grader at ANACS in DC, I met Denis Loring at the First Coin Grading Roundtable at Stacks in NYC. One of my favorite stories of that meeting of distinguished numismatists involved Denis. He passed around a 1794 Large cent for all of us to grade on a slip of paper. The grades ranged from AU TO VF!!!!! This rookie grader who had never held a coin as that in his life, opened a Photograde book and found a perfect match, XF - its actual grade. While some opinions of the noted numismatists were also XF, the majority of experts net graded the coin both up and down for various reasons I have written/lectured about many times while telling this story. After the "test" and discussion that followed, I spoke up for the first time. I (the nobody in the room) told the assembly that I could drag any passerby on the street below up to the table, give them the coin and the grading guide I used and they would be able to grade the coin correctly - XF. Then I told them we have been grading coins at ANACS (the original, true technical/archival system) for our internal records of identification and if given the OK, we could begin grading coins for customers at the service as soon as we returned to DC. Obviously, that did not happen.

    A while back, I wrote a column about the "folly" of technical grading and Denis challenged it. So I bought and read the EAC Grading Guide (since lost - but I just located another copy this week that I'll have soon) and made notes for our eventual debate. The EAC Grading Guide says everything in print that makes my case. What it does not say is WHO DEVISED NET GRADING FOR EARLY COPPER COINS.

    Furthermore, I have nothing against a group of collectors who have been net grading copper for decades. It is their part of the hobby/business. They can grade coins any way they wish. It can also be demonstrated that TPGS use this practice to a certain extent for coins that are not bad enough to detail grade. Unfortunately, the copper guys believe the TPGS cannot grade copper when it is the copper guys who left the mainstream grading system.

    Color me stupid but I believe a grading system should be SIMPLE, easy to use/teach, and PRECISE. It does not change over time or market conditions. That's what we had for internal records at ANACS and then at the second authentication service and first grading service the INS Authentication Bureau in DC.

    I cannot change anything; yet I'll debate the folly of calling an XF Large cent either VF or AU for any reason.
    Grade the coin for what it is - XF, porous with rim dings. Then Price it as a VG! That way, any non-collector, new collector, or old dinosaur collector will be able to understand both its grade and price - SIMPLE. Until then, many copper coins in auction will continue to be listed with two different grades arrived at by professional numismatists. LOL.
  • Good Post.

    Making a "new" (old) market newer (older).

    Maybe the description of the Post should be labeled "Back To Basics".
  • I hope Denis Loring knows the answer to my original question.

    I found some interesting video at the Newman Portal! I have not had time to watch the entire piece (I found it this morning around 1 AM). Jack Robinson (Copper Quotes) used the word "net" where I stopped the video to go to bed.

    Therefore, net grading was in use back then (1980's) but I already knew that. My guess is he was involved with establishing that system.
  • I like how ANACS labels the detail coins. Instead of just VF details, they will say VF 30 details or VF 20 details, ect.  
     I  wish NGC and PCGS  would do that just so I would know. 
  • edited February 2022
    Net grading is especially necessary for early copper coins because the metal is so reactive. Many pieces have corrosion spots and odd color. If you have to have every piece with perfect brown color, you going to reject just about everything. This is even more true if you become a die variety collector. Some varieties only exist with problems.

    Net grading is required for pricing and building condition census lists. The opinions are not carved in stone among experts / specialists. It's not like slabbing Morgan Dollars which can be somewhat cut and dried.

    This 1797 large cent is a condition census piece for a common variety, S-139. It has red corrosion on the reverse, and for that reason it came back in a body bag in I submitted it for grading in the early 2000s. I sold it in an EAC auction and got a good price for it raw. Later I saw it graded in a PCGS holder.


  • WilliamJ said:

    I like how ANACS labels the detail coins. Instead of just VF details, they will say VF 30 details or VF 20 details, ect.  
     I  wish NGC and PCGS  would do that just so I would know. 

    So do I. But remember, PCGS and NGC control the market. They have to be pressured by the competition of other services and the demands of dealers/collectors. That's why body bags went away and tokens are now graded. That's why varieties like VAMs and coins not listed in the Redbook are now graded. I think the time will come when both services will put numeric grades on "detail" coins but it will not happen soon. They have too much of a workload at the moment and it is much faster and accurate to grade a coin VF than to decide if it is a 20, 25, 30, or 35.

  • Thanks for the reply. I'm just now listening to the video about EAC grading. I just finished the part where he sold his EAC graded XF Large cent and it ended up in a PCGS MS-62 slab. I'll guarantee that coin was not MS but I'll also guarantee it was not XF either. What's wrong with this picture? Anyway Mr. Robinson has a number of things to say that make me think. Every collector should watch it along with the instructional videos done by PCGS.

    Anyway, remember, that I wrote that you guys can use any grading system you wish.

    Bill Jones wrote: "Net grading is especially necessary for early copper coins because the metal is so reactive. [silver is not as reactive but the color of its oxidation also influences its grade] Many pieces have corrosion spots and odd color. [Ditto silver] If you have to have every piece with perfect brown [or blast white?] color, you going to reject just about everything. This is even more true if you become a die variety collector. Some varieties only exist with problems."

    Net grading is required for pricing and building condition census lists. [I thought commercial grading did the same thing.] The opinions are not carved in stone among experts / specialists. [That's for sure! This is pointed out in the EAC guide that states net grading can be difficult with very subjective results - just as market grading I suppose.] It's not like slabbing Morgan Dollars which can be somewhat cut and dried. [I'm in 100% agreement with this as commercial grading seems to have less variables. That's why any precise, archival system needed to remove as many subjective variables as possible; the quality of a coin's strike being one of them].

    This 1797 large cent is a condition census piece for a common variety, S-139. It has red corrosion on the reverse, and for that reason it came back in a body bag in I submitted it for grading in the early 2000s. I sold it in an EAC auction and got a good price for it raw. Later I saw it graded in a PCGS holder.




    Unfortunately what's missing from your reply is your grade, the EAC grade, the auction grade, and the PCGS grade. Inquiring minds wish to know. Thanks again Bill for butting heads. I really enjoy talking about how each of us grades coins. Hope to see you in Lakeland this weekend.

    PS Jack Robinson mentioned that he would bring some Large cents to a meeting and let EAC members grade them. His results were similar to mine at the Roundtable in NYC. For the life of me I do not understand how a group of collectors/dealers, professionals can have such large differences of opinion. There must be a lack of numismatic education in this country.

  • Insider3 said:



    Color me stupid but I believe a grading system should be SIMPLE, easy to use/teach, and PRECISE. It does not change over time or market conditions. That's what we had for internal records at ANACS and then at the second authentication service and first grading service the INS Authentication Bureau in DC.

    Consider yourself colored stupid, stupid. You've been around for 45 years and take a stand based on disingenuousness? Your grading standards were superseded by more sophisticated systems last century.

    "Gosh, folks, you're all so confused that I'm confused."
    Noooo. We've evolved and you're stuck.

    To readers not knowing Insider3, he has a very long and well-deserved reputation for evoking distraction on multiple numismatic message boards.
  • ptolemyII said:
    Color me stupid but I believe a grading system should be SIMPLE, easy to use/teach, and PRECISE. It does not change over time or market conditions. That's what we had for internal records at ANACS and then at the second authentication service and first grading service the INS Authentication Bureau in DC.
    Consider yourself colored stupid, stupid. You've been around for 45 years and take a stand based on disingenuousness? Your grading standards were superseded by more sophisticated systems last century. "Gosh, folks, you're all so confused that I'm confused." Noooo. We've evolved and you're stuck. To readers not knowing Insider3, he has a very long and well-deserved reputation for evoking distraction on multiple numismatic message boards.
    Regardless of who he is, please address his points without name calling or ad hominem attacks. Thank you
  • edited February 2022
    Insider3 said:

    As a student of coin grading and author/developer of the obsolete "true" technical grading system to identify a coin's actual condition (closely cloned now as "details" grading) rather than value them, I have been asking this question for years with no answer. I should think whomever came up with EAC Net Grading would be very proud to take the credit. Perhaps he/she is dead and no copper collectors know. I have found no mention at all of net grading in Penny Whimsy. This should be a very easy question to answer. Why the mystery?

    mod edit: added tags 2/7/22 15:42

    This has been asked and answered here multiple times. The only mystery is why you continue to proclaim it a mystery. @mellado said it straight up. There were multiple discussants. One guy simply said "XF" and another said "needs more haircurl for a full XF" and a third said "too much frost for a VF". The fourth guy said "How can you call a coin with that rough a planchet XF no matter how well it's struck". But they all agreed it was OK to call it XF knowing it needed more qualification. Then the saw another bunch and changed their minds a bit. Or at least some of them. And then they saw another bunch and talked about them and the last bunch. And a common language never intended or expected to be formally precise developed. No one person could claim responsibility. A consensus evolved. If Loring won't give you a straight answer, ask Skip Fazzari. He's been around longer than most. He probably knows the people without knowing their names are the answer.
  • CAC_Team said:


    ptolemyII said:

    Insider3 said:



    Color me stupid but I believe a grading system should be SIMPLE, easy to use/teach, and PRECISE. It does not change over time or market conditions. That's what we had for internal records at ANACS and then at the second authentication service and first grading service the INS Authentication Bureau in DC.

    Consider yourself colored stupid, stupid. You've been around for 45 years and take a stand based on disingenuousness? Your grading standards were superseded by more sophisticated systems last century.

    "Gosh, folks, you're all so confused that I'm confused."
    Noooo. We've evolved and you're stuck.

    To readers not knowing Insider3, he has a very long and well-deserved reputation for evoking distraction on multiple numismatic message boards.

    Regardless of who he is, please address his points without name calling or ad hominem attacks. Thank you

    @CAC_Team ... He called himself STUPID. Would you like me to put quotes and a footnote on it?

  • Partial Quote:

    "....If Loring won't give you a straight answer, ask Skip Fazzari. He's been around longer than most. He probably knows the people without knowing their names are the answer....".

    Priceless. Just priceless.
  • ptolemyII said:


    Insider3 said:



    Color me stupid but I believe a grading system should be SIMPLE, easy to use/teach, and PRECISE. It does not change over time or market conditions. That's what we had for internal records at ANACS and then at the second authentication service and first grading service the INS Authentication Bureau in DC.

    Consider yourself colored stupid, stupid. You've been around for 45 years and take a stand based on disingenuousness? [Perhaps you should choose another word as this certainly can NEVER apply to me. I ask direct questions and give direct answers] Your grading standards were superseded by more sophisticated systems last century.

    Numismatists have been searching for a system of grading coins for over one hundred and forty years. During that time, many changes (IMO both good and bad) have occurred. I posted what I though should be considered for a great system where variables such as value, ownership, rarity, strike, eye appeal, etc. are removed. The only subjective thing would be to price it'

    Furthermore, I have written for several decades that the extremely strict grading practiced in its original form became OBSOLETE decades ago. It appears that you are ignorant (oops - uninformed, look that word up also) of that However, in a classroom setting with beginners, it provides a good foundation that they learn to modify for the "real world."




This discussion has been closed.